最新出售 上海东来犬舍 中国专业德国牧羊犬繁殖训练中心

上面这些照片是我家马犬TOP今年年初在上海松江影视基地拍电影《雪花密扇》时留下的，《雪花密扇》是部古装戏，由著名演员李冰冰和韩国著名演员全智贤主演，我家TOP出演的一个镜头是去闻一个死人，就像照片上一样，不过我拍的照片是跟剧组相反的方向拍的，所以电影上的镜头跟我的照片会方位不一样，呵呵，献丑了！！！

>德国牧羊犬的历史介绍英文版

　　[注意：本文的目的不再于研究这个品种悠久的历史演变，只是概括描述>德国牧羊犬是怎样演变成今天这样一种知名品种。另有很多著作和网络资源可以研究它的悠久历史。]

　　The German Shepherd Dog's long and noble history began in the late 1800's with an idea for breeding strong, intelligent, highly trainable dogs for herding and guarding sheep. Not only breeding, but breeding true to form--to a standard. Until this point, any dog showing propensity for herding was used for that purpose. Therefore, many different breeds were in use, and there was a need to pinpoint abilities and pass them on genetically.

　　[>德国牧羊犬悠久而辉煌的历史开始自十九世纪的创造一种强壮、智慧、非常易于接受训练的牧羊犬或守护犬的想法。（当时）不仅饲养的方法，还包括饲养的目的等原则性的内容都归纳成一个标准。直到今天，任何一种表现出放牧倾向的狗，仍然会被用于放牧。而那些被应用于放牧的许多不同的品种，需要分化出有精确能力基因遗传稳定的品种。]

　　Rittmeister (Cavalry Captain) Max Emil Frederich von Stephanitz (photo 1)-- --universally accepted as the "Father of the Breed"--saw a dog in 1899 while attending a dog show in Karlsruhe, Germany; a herding dog which he felt had all the qualities he had been searching for: instinctive herding ability, high trainability, dignity, intelligence, strong build and quiet demeanor. This dog fit the motto von Stephanitz had coined for his new breed: "Utility and Intelligence", and he purchased the dog on the spot. That dog became Horand von Grafrath, the foundation dog of the German Shepherd breed, and given the designation SZ1, the very first German Shepherd Dog in the German Shepherd Dog Club, the SV. Von Stephanitz searched for *****es of Horand's type to breed with him, and being very picky, it was a hard search indeed. By carefully and selectively breeding and inbreeding, it was possible to create a line of dogs that bred true to form. Captain von Stephanitz, who had served with the Veterinary College in Berlin while in the military, used his extensive biological knowledge to help him in the science of breeding dogs.

　　[被公认为是该品种之父的骑兵上尉马克思·艾米尔·费德利其·范·斯迪芬尼茨（译者：名字很长呦，中国人可以简称：范·斯迪芬尼茨上校：Max Emil Frederich von Stephanitz。参见下图1）在1899年德国卡尔斯鲁厄地区的一次狗展赛上，发现了一只符合他理想中的所有特征的领他心仪的牧羊犬：具有放牧本能、易于训练、聪明、威严、构造强健、并且（行动）具有风度。这只犬完全符合他设定的“实用和聪明”的原则，他当即购买了它。 这只狗后来被命名为霍兰德·范·格拉佛斯，也是德国牧羊犬的奠基犬，被定义为SZ1---第一只>德国牧羊犬俱乐部[缩写：SV]的注册犬。范·斯迪芬尼茨上校开始为它挑选适合它的母犬，由于（上校采取的）标准非常严格，挑选工作非常艰难。上校小心谨慎地饲养和繁殖他们，并逐渐形成新的一支适合饲养标准的品种。范·斯迪芬尼茨上校在军中服役时，曾经在柏林兽医学院学习过，他广博的生物学知识帮助他科学的繁育了这个品种。]

　　Horand von Grafrath SZ1

　　[霍兰德·范·格拉佛斯第SZ1号犬]

　　That same year (1899), von Stephanitz founded the Verein für Deutsche Schäferhunde, or the SV (the Club for the German Shepherd Dog), became its first president, and wrote the first standard for the breed. He ruled the club as a military man would run his troops, appointing himself breeding master, judge, breed inspector and arbiter of all things German Shepherd. The foundation dog Horand von Grafrath would become the first entry in the S.V. Stud Book, in fact the first registered German Shepherd Dog.

　　[同年（1899年），范·斯迪芬尼茨上校创建了SV，也就是德国牧羊犬俱乐部，并作为第一届主席，撰写了第一个（德牧的）饲养标准。他以军事化的管理来运作这个俱乐部，指定他自己为管理者、裁判、饲养巡视员（译者：值得我们学习呀！）和其他关于德牧事项的仲裁人。奠基犬霍兰德·范·格拉佛斯是SV的知识手册中的第一只犬，也是第一只注册的>德国牧羊犬。]

　　Hector von Schwaben, son of Horand v Grafrath

　　[霍兰德·范·格拉佛斯的儿子海克特·范·施瓦本]

　　Von Stephanitz felt the breed should be founded on hereditary research and not show wins, he therefore required that all litters must be registered to provide the basis for genetic recording. He advised breeders on which dogs should be bred to which *****es, and perhaps just as importantly, which combinations should not be bred. He also decided which dogs would not be used for stud at all, and sent all this information to club members in the form of newsletters. Von Stephanitz expected, and even demanded compliance with the rules. He was never interested in beauty alone, only as it pertained to the dog's soundness and working ability. He wanted the GSD bred for intelligence and physical soundness suited for its work. An excerpt from his written standard reads: "A

pleasing appearance is desirable, but it can NOT put the dog's working ability into question." Von Stephanitz obviously was more interested in the brain, not the beauty of the breed.

　　[范·斯迪芬尼茨上校认为德牧应该建立一套遗传学研究（机制），不应仅仅局限于展赛中获胜（这一目的），他因此要求所有的新仔都必须进行　　注册和登记，以提供基本的遗传基因信息记录。他建议（SV中其他）繁育人那只犬应该跟哪只母犬交配，哪只犬不能再繁殖。 他希望，甚至是要求（SV中其他会员）遵守有关规定。他从来不肯定（德牧）的外观（的优美），除非这种优美与犬的优异的工作能力相得益彰。他希望>德国牧羊犬（GSD）能够被培养成智慧和有着坚固的适应其工作的身体结构的犬。从他所撰写的饲养标准中摘录一段（可见一斑）“一个优美的外观当然令人兴奋，但它决不能凌驾于犬的工作能力。”]

　　　　Captain von Stephanitz worked tirelessly to improve the breed, and to look for other ways the German Shepherd could be useful to mankind. Industrialization caused a decline in the necessity for sheep herding dogs, and he found that the intelligence of kenneled dogs declined. He therefore devised Obedience competitions to resolve this problem. After donating several dogs to policemen, their usefulness as Police Dogs was demonstrated. Various Trials, such as Herding, Training (for police), and special achievement in breeding were established. Interest in Breed Shows increased, as did membership in the SV. The Army finally recognized the usefulness of German Shepherd Dogs during the First World War. They served many functions: messengers, tracking the position of wounded soldiers, sentry and guard dogs, and patrol dogs signaling enemy presence. Other countries had discovered the GSD's many abilities, and used them extensively. Because of animosity in wartime toward anything German, England renamed the breed Alsatian. In some places that name is still used.

　　[范·斯迪芬尼茨上校为了优化（德牧）品种不知疲倦的工作着，同时也不断开发德牧对于人类新的功用。（那时）工业化导致了牧羊犬需求的降低，他发现被栓在院子里的犬的智力也因此（栓在院子里）降低。于是他创立了德牧的服从性竞赛，来解决这个问题（译者：实际是通过竞赛促进对犬的身体和智力的训练）。在上校向警方捐赠了几只德牧；警方试用后，德牧作为警犬的能力得到证实。各式各样的实验：放牧、训练（警用）和其他用途都在尝试。更多的人关注德牧的展赛，加入了SV。（特别是德国）军方在第一次世界大战期间认可了德牧的功用。（这些军用德牧）它们可以用于送信、寻找伤员、警戒、用于巡逻以发现敌人等工作。其他国家也发现了很多德牧的功用，它（终于）被广泛地应用了。由于战争中与德国处于敌对状态，英国从新命名它为阿尔萨斯牧羊犬。在有些地方，现在仍然这样称呼它们。>德国牧羊犬　　After World War I, German Shepherd Dogs became famous and very popular. Unethical breeders began to export puppies to foreign markets, breeding without thought to the best interest of the breed. Von Stephanitz immediately instituted the Koerung, or breed survey, a system whereby all dogs are thoroughly examined, judged, and based on those results are recommended for, or excluded from, breeding privileges. Steady improvement of the breed promptly re-commenced. The daring exploits of dogs such as Rin-Tin-Tin and Strongheart on movie screens across the United States created immense demand for "German Police Dogs". Puppy factories soon flourished, filling demand but selling dogs with often questionable parentage, malnourished, carelessly bred and possessing innumerable physical and psychological defects. Falsified pedigrees were not uncommon. These breeders' only concern was the money to be made on this popular breed. (Sadly, some of these practices are still on-going today in many places)